Aquatic Plants of Pennsylvania

List of Illustrations
Preface
Acknowledgments

Chapter 1. Evolution and Ecology
—Evolution and Form of Aquatic Plants
—Role of Plants in Aquatic Ecosystems
—Types of Aquatic Ecosystems
—Management of Aquatic Ecosystems
Chapter 2. Identification Keys for the Aquatic Plants of Pennsylvania
—Key to Growth Habit Groups
—Key to Emergent Plants
—Key to Floating-leaf Plants
—Key to Thalloid or Tiny Floating Plants
—Key to Submergent Leafy-stemmed Plants
—Key to Submergent Rosette-forming Plants
—Key to Submergent Plants with Finely Divided Leaves
Chapter 3. Emergent Plants
—Arrow-arum, tuckahoe
—Arrowhead
—Beggar-ticks/bur-marigold
—Bulrush
—Bur-reed
—Cat-tail
—Chinese lobelia
—Flowering-rush
—Goldenclub
—Grasses
—Water horsetail
—Iris
—Lizard's-tail
—Mud-plantain
—Pickerel-weed
—Bayonet rush
—Smartweed
—Spike-rush
—Three-way sedge
—Twig-rush
—Water-hemp ragweed
—Water-horehound
—Water-parsnip
—Water-plantain
—Water-primrose
—Water-purslane
—Water-willow
—Watercress
Chapter 4. Floating-leaf Plants
—Floating-heart
—American lotus
—Water-chestnut
—European water-clover
—Water-lily
—Watershield
Chapter 5. Thalloid and/or Tiny Floating Plants
—Aquatic liverworts
—Charophyte algae
—Duckweed, watermeal, water-flaxseed, and bogmat
—Eastern mosquito fern
—Riverweed
Chapter 6. Submergent Leafy-stemmed Plants
—Aquatic mosses
—Hydrilla
—Pondweeds
—Water star-grass
—Waternymph, naiad
—Water-starwort
—Waterweed
—Waterwort
Chapter 7. Submergent Rosette-forming Plants
—Mudmat
—Pipewort
—Quillwort
—Water lobelia
—Water-celery, eel-grass
Chapter 8. Submergent Plants with Finely Divided Leaves
—Bladderwort
—Coontail, hornwort
—Fanwort
—Mermaid-weed
—Water-crowfoot
—Water-marigold
—Water-milfoil

Glossary
References and Sources
Appendix: Taxonomic List of Plants Included
Index